The Bauhaus movement was a revolutionary German art and design movement founded in 1919 by Walter Gropius. It aimed to unify art, craft, and technology, promoting functionalism, simplicity, and the integration of artistic mediums into mass production. The movement significantly influenced modern architecture and design, emphasizing the relationship between art and society, and it lasted until 1933 when it was closed under Nazi pressure. The Bauhaus is considered one of the most influential modernist art schools of the 20th century, shaping the aesthetic landscape and design practices that continue to resonate today.